Cylinder head and packing



Jul 31, 19211 a. p; JOYCE I CYLINDER HEAD. PAGKING F1106 Ju1y18, 1-927 11v VENTOR Patented .luly @1928. I V 1,678,946 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE BRYAN r. JOYCE, or navnmonr, IOWA. I

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Application fled my 18, 1927. Serial No. 206,561.

The subject matter of the present invention is a packing and pertains more partlcularly to the construction and assembly of a packing to seal cylinder heads, especially the heads of high pressure cylinders. I

Among the objects-of this invention are to so assemble the packing as to obtain a maximum cylinder volume for a given length of cylinder to reinforce the cylinder at the point where the head is attached thereto; to -so construct a device of this kind that pressure will tend to hold the parts in closer relation, instead of causing separation thereof; to provide an improved meansfor forming a tight joint between the cylinder and its head; to provide means for locking the parts in adjusted relation; and such further ob jects, advantages and capabilities as will hereafter appear and as are inherent in the construction disclosed. My invention further resides in the combination, construction and arrangement of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawing'and, While I have shown therein what is now considered the preferred embodiment of this invention, I desire it understood that thesame is to be construed as illustrative only and not to be interpreted in a limiting sense. Thepacking disclosed in my Patent No. 1,635,482, issued July 12, 1927, or any-other comparable, suitable packlng may be used in this invention. It has been the practice to v assemble this type of packing as disclosed at 9 in my PatentNo. 1,607,350, issued Novem ber 16, 1926. --Under pressure, this packing may be considered a semi-fluid and it exerts.

greater pressure upon the cylinder wall than the pressure of the fluid within the cylinder.

. According to present practice, the cylinder wall is made thinner at this point of greatest pressure in order to provide a shoulder, as

disclosed at 5 in Patent No. 1,607,350.

against which shoulder the cylinder head is seated. In small cylinders or in those utilizing a low pressure, this is unimportant, but .in large cylinders with high pressures where thefgll strength of the cylinder is necessary, it is'T mpoi'tant, for it necessitates upsetting --the end of the cylinder or machining the cylinder. in order to obtain the requisite cylinder thickness at this point of greatest stress.

' The present invention permits the use of tubing of uniform wall thickness. The present invention is designed to obviate the foregoing ditficulties, reducing the cost of manu .facture, and producing a superior article.

One embodiment of myinvention is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a fragmentary plan View of a cylinder head havng my invention applied thereto and Fig. 2 18 a cross section substantially along the plane indicated by the line 2-52, Fig. 1.

Referring more in detail to the annexed drawmg, the cylinder 3 has a head 4 proserves as a seat for the packing ring. This latter is compressed between the flanges 8,

and 10.- The outer end of the head 4 is screw-threaded for the reception. of the ring 9 by means of which the flanges 8 and 10 are drawn toward each other to compress the packing ring. The edge of this ring maybe provided with notches 11, as shown in Fig. 1, to permit the insertion of a locking screw 12 which will prevent the ring 9 from working loose on the 'head' 4. This screw 12 may also serve to lock the ring 7 relatively to the cylinder 3 whereby to pre-.

vent the same from backing off from the cyl nder, thus permitting the head to be vided with a radially outwardly-extending blown out. The cylinder wall may be slight- I 1y beveled, if desired, as shown at 13, in

.order to facilitate the assembly of the head and cylinder.

In assembling the parts, the head, packing and rings and Q, are loosely assembled and then the ring 7 s put upon the end of the cylinder and screwed down'as far as it will Y go. The ring 9 1s then tightened until the packing is compressed and tightly engages both the cylinder and the outer cylindrical wall of the head. The screw 12 is then in-.

serted through one of the notches 11 into the hole provided therefor in the flange of the ring 7 and is screwed in until it locks the entire assembly in place.

In the constructiondisclosed in my Patent No. 1.607.350, the pressure of the fluid in the cylinder had a tendency to expand the cylinder, reducing the stress of the connection betwecnthe cylinder wall and the ring 10, thus necessitating an extra length of screwthreading at this point. In my present construction, expansion of the cylinder increases, rather than diminishes, the pressure of the cohtact between the threads of the cylinder 3 and the ring 7, thus decreasing the necessary length of thread. As the threads of the ring 7 are a close fit upon.

i increases the cylinder strength at this point instead of diminishing it as in my prior patent referred to above. It will also be seen from'the present disclosure that the present construction gives a greater internal volume for a given length of cylinder than my prior construction, with the result that there is a saving in weight and material I packing.

for a given volume of cylinder.

ile I have shown and described a certain specific embodiment of my invention, it is of course understood that the specific description of structure set forth above may be departed from without departing from the spirit of my invention as set forth "in this speclfication and the appended claims.

Having now described my invention, I. claim:

1. In a cylinder head packing assembly, a cylinder, eparable means to reinforce the cylinder at :he packing and to seat the packing, a packing ring -cooperating therewith, a cylinderhead associated with the end of the cylinder, and means to secure the head imposition, said head having a projecting part engaging the packing ring and ada ted to transmit pressure over a portion 0 its area to the packing. 2. In a structure of the character indicated, a cylinder having threads formed upon the outer circumference thereof to receive a ring, a ring engaging said threads and having a portion extending inwardly into the cylinder to seat a packing, a packing ring resting against the inwardly extending portion, a cylinder head closing the end of the cylinder, and means to secure the head in position, said head having a projecting part engaging the packing ring and said projecting part being adapted to transmit pressure over the whole of its area to the 3. In astructure of the character indicated, a cylinder externally screw-threaded at one end, an internally threaded ring mounted upon the screw-threaded end of the cylinder, said ring having an inwardly projecting flange serving as a support fora packing ring, a cylinder head within the ring and having a flange extending outwardly into engagement with the cylinder, and a packing ring located between the flanges to seal the opening between the head and cylinder.

4;. In a structure of the character indicated, a cylinder externally screw-threaded at one end, an internally threaded ring mounted upon the screw-threaded end of the cylinder, said ring having an inwardly projecting flange serving as a support for a packing ring, a cylinder head .within the ring and having a flange extending outwardlyinto engagement with the cylinder, and a metallic packing ring located between the cylinder, its head, and the flanges, to seal the opening between the head and cylinder.

5. A structure of the character indicated, comprising a cylinder, a securing rin threaded over the end of thecylinder an having an inwardly extending flange projecting within the cylinder to seat a packing ring, a cylinder head within the ring flange and having a flange projecting radially into engagement with the cylinder, a packing ring between said flanges, andimeans to V draw the flanges toward each {other to compress thepacking.

6. A structure of .the character indicated, comprisng a cylinder, a securing ri threaded over the end of the cylinder ahl l having an inwardly extending flange rojecting within the cylinder to seat a pac ing ring, a cylinder head within the ring flange and having a. flange projecting radially in- I 100 to engagement with thelcylinder, said head projecting outwardly beyond the ring flange, a packing ring between said flanges, and

screw-threaded'means cooperating with the projecting portion of the head to cause the flanges to move toward each other and com-' press the packing ring. Y a

'7. In a structure of the character indicated, a high pressure cylinder externally screw-threaded at one end, a cylinder head located within the cylinder and contacting with the inner wall thereof, said head being reduced in diameter between its ends, a packing ring in the reduced portion of the head, a securing ring surrounding saidhead and the end of the cylinder and being secured to the cylinder by the screw threads, said ring forming a seat for the packing against which the packin may be pressed by the head, and means to diaw the head against the packing and cause the latter to be compressed between the head and the securing ring.- 8. In a structure of the character indicated, an externally screw-threaded hi h pressure cylinder,'a ring connected. to t e inder and the ring, said projecting portion being screw-threaded for the reception of a retaining member, a packing in the space between the head and the ring, said sacking being capable of being compresse upon relative movement between said ring and head, a second ring mounted u on the end of the head and secured thereto y the screw threading, said second ring serving to move the head relatively to the first ring and there- 10 In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe 15 my name tothis specification.

BRYAN P. JOYCE. 

